Sex Differences in Photoprotective Responses to 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 in Mice Are Modulated by the Estrogen Receptor-β

Susceptibility to photoimmune suppression and photocarcinogenesis is greater in male than female humans mice exacerbated estrogen receptor-beta knockout (ER-β−/−) mice. We previously reported that the active vitamin D hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D), applied topically protects against ultraviolet radiation (UV) induction of cutaneous cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) contact hypersensitivity (CHS) Here, we compare these responses versus Skh:hr1 mice, ER-β−/−/−− wild-type C57BL/6 ER-blockaded The CPDs was significantly more effectively reduced by 1,25(OH)2D or ER-β−/− respectively. This correlated with sunburn inflammation due but not Furthermore, although alone dose-dependently suppressed basal CHS UV-induced immunosuppression universally observed. In decreased dose-dependently, Skh:hr1, ER-β−/−, These results reveal a sex bias genetic, inflammatory, immune photoprotection favoring dependent on presence ER-β.